Judaism
Judaism
The Jews have different beliefs. Liberal Jews believe that Judaism gives them a common culture, while Orthodox Jews try to stick to the rules passed down through the centuries. The basis of Judaism is the belief in one eternal, invisible God. The Jews believe that they were chosen to receive God's Torah, the first part of the Tanakh (Jewish Bible). They believe that by thinking about its meaning and to live by the laws that are there after, bring justice to the world. They also believe that the Messiah will come at the right time to make the perfect world.
The tables of the law
According to the Jews, God chose them to receive the Torah. Moses ascended Mount Sinai to hear the Torah and to the commandments carved in stone tablets to the people. The stone tablets were kept in a golden coffin, the Ark, which was in a beautiful tent in the desert.
The Ten Commandments are the "rules" associated with Judaism. These are:
1. I am the Lord your God.
2. You shall have no other gods.
3. You shall not bear false oath in my name.
4. Remember the Sabbath and keep it holy.
5. Honor your father and your mother.
6. You shall not murder.
7. Do not take the wife or husband of another.
8. You shall not steal.
9. You shall not lie.
10. Do not be jealous.
The six days of creation
The Jews believe that God on the first day of creation made the day and the night. Heaven and earth were created on the second day. The seas, the land and all that grows on the ground, he created on the third day. On the fourth day the sun, moon and stars were created, and the fish and the birds on the fifth day. On the sixth day God created all the animals on land and finally He created man.
Jewish books
The holy book of the Jews, the Torah, a scroll on which are handwritten Five Books of Moses. The Torah is wrapped around two wooden rollers. The Torah is the first part of the Tanakh (Old Testament). The second part is the Nevi'im (the books of the Prophets). The third part is the Chetoebiem these are all the other books such as Psalms, Proverbs and five Megillot (stories and poems). This also includes five parties. Other examples of holy Jewish books are prayer books and the Talmud , an important set of rules.
How Jewish families live?
In family life, which is so important in Judaism, the Sabbath, festivals and meals taken at the main site. It is learned, singing and talking. Eating kosher food and separation of meat and dairy products are important features of Jewish life.
A kosher kitchen
According to the rules of the kashrut , the kosher food, may dairy products (milk, cheese, butter) does not coincide with said meat or to be eaten.
The main Jewish moments:
Circumcision and naming when a boy is eight days old, he was circumcised. He is taken into the covenant of Abraham. He gets his Jewish name and everyone prays that he may be blessed with the study of the Torah, marriage and good deeds. A girl gets her name from her father immediately after birth or at a special ceremony.
bar Mitzvah
On his thirteenth birthday boy is a Bar Mitzvah . Then he gets the same religious and legal obligations as an adult. To celebrate the family a kiddush , a reception in the synagogue and a feast at home. At the age of twelve celebrating a girl's Bar Mitzvah. In liberal societies, they learn to read from the Torah. Orthodox girls celebrate their Bar Mitzvah in the synagogue, at home, at school or at a ceremony on Sunday afternoon.
Marriage
A Jewish wedding is everywhere else. It can be an informal ceremony in the open air or a solemn ceremony in the synagogue. Every wedding has a chuppah , canopy that symbolizes the new home. The bride wears a veil over her face, the groom breaks a glass to commemorate the destruction of the two temples.
Death and mourning
The body of an orthodox jew is always buried, but some liberal Jews are also to cremation. After the funeral, the parents, the husband or the wife, sisters, brothers or children of the person who is deceased sheva observe a mourning period of seven days. They sit all day on low chairs, while relatives and friends come to pray with them, to comfort them or to bring food. On the anniversary, a memorial candle chipped and prayers every year.
Pray
Jews can pray anywhere and for any action or event. In the synagogue (a temple) is a prayer for any occasion. Since Jews are encouraged about three years to involve God in everything they do. Above be terminated short prayers such as the blessings (praise) which are for every occasion. There are also regular prayers Orthodox Jewish men recite every day three times in Hebrew. They are thoughts aloud or recited or sung. Many liberal Jews have shortened the prayers and say them only in the synagogue on Friday night, Sabbath morning and on special occasions. The prayers are conducted in the synagogue with the rabbi, the cantor or an ordinary person. In an Orthodox synagogue prayers are only run by men or boys of thirteen and older. Many liberals synagogues prayers are also headed by women and men and women sit together.